Dr Alvin Mondoh, BeyondBMI
- Why obesity is a chronic, complex disease, and why weight regulation is not simply a matter of willpower
- What drives it: genes, which account for 40 to 70% of the variation in obesity, plus hunger and fullness hormones such as leptin and ghrelin, easy access to highly processed foods, chronic stress, poor sleep and some medications
- How it affects health, from cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure to osteoarthritis, sleep apnoea and the toll weight stigma takes on mental health
- The treatment options available today: nutrition and activity, behavioural therapy, and medical options such as GLP-1 medications or bariatric surgery when lifestyle changes alone are not enough